Zebra Technologies Announces Third Quarter 2026 Results

Strong growth across segments and regions reflects customer investment in automation and productivity

Raises full year outlook

LINCOLNSHIRE, Ill.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Zebra Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ: ZBRA), a global leader in digitizing and automating workflows to deliver intelligent operations, today announced results for the third quarter ended October 3, 2026.

Third-Quarter Financial Highlights

• Net sales of $1,614 million; year-over-year increase of 22.3%
• Net income of $164 million and net income per diluted share of $3.43
• Non-GAAP diluted EPS increased year-over-year to $4.95
• Adjusted EBITDA increased year-over-year to $349 million
• Share repurchases of $75 million

“We delivered another record quarter underpinned by strong execution and broad-based demand trends with Elo Touch contributing to our double-digit growth as customers prioritize automating their frontline operations. Our efforts to strengthen memory supply, implement pricing actions and capture operating leverage enabled us to support our growth while maintaining adjusted EBITDA margin year-over-year," said Bill Burns, Chief Executive Officer of Zebra Technologies. "These results reinforce our confidence in the durability of demand and the strength of our business model as we execute on our strategy to drive profitable growth."

"We are putting our strong cash generation and balance sheet to work, investing in growth while returning capital to shareholders," said Nathan Winters, Chief Financial Officer of Zebra Technologies. "We repurchased more than $640 million of shares through the first nine months of the year, reflecting our confidence in Zebra's long-term opportunity and our commitment to disciplined capital allocation."

$ in millions, except per share amounts		3Q26			3Q25		Change
Select reported measures:
Net sales	$	1,614		$	1,320		22.3	%
Gross profit		738			634		16.4	%
Gross margin		45.7	%		48.0	%	(230) bps
Net income		164			101		62.4	%
Net income margin		10.2	%		7.7	%	250 bps
Net income per diluted share	$	3.43		$	1.97		74.1	%
Select Non-GAAP measures:
Adjusted net sales	$	1,614		$	1,320		22.3	%
Organic net sales growth							11.3	%
Adjusted gross profit		742			636		16.7	%
Adjusted gross margin		46.0	%		48.2	%	(220) bps
Adjusted EBITDA		349			285		22.5	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		21.6	%		21.6	%	0 bps
Non-GAAP net income	$	237		$	198		19.7	%
Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share	$	4.95		$	3.88		27.6	%

Third Quarter 2026 Performance

Net sales were $1,614 million compared to $1,320 million in the prior year. Net sales in the Connected Frontline ("CF") segment were $949 million compared to $705 million in the prior year. Asset Visibility & Automation ("AVA") segment net sales were $665 million compared to $615 million in the prior year. Consolidated organic net sales increased 11.3% year-over-year, with a 15.0% increase in the CF segment and a 7.0% increase in the AVA segment.

Gross profit was $738 million compared to $634 million in the prior year. Gross margin decreased to 45.7% compared to 48.0% in the prior year primarily due to increased memory component costs and business mix partially offset by favorable foreign currency. Adjusted gross margin was 46.0% compared to 48.2% in the prior year.

Operating expenses increased to $501 million from $451 million in the prior year primarily due to expenses associated with acquired businesses including amortization of intangible assets. Adjusted operating expenses increased to $413 million from $368 million in the prior year.

Net income was $164 million, or $3.43 per diluted share, compared to net income of $101 million, or $1.97 per diluted share, in the prior year. Non-GAAP net income increased to $237 million or $4.95 per diluted share, compared to $198 million, or $3.88 per diluted share for the prior year.

Adjusted EBITDA increased to $349 million, or 21.6% of adjusted net sales, compared to $285 million, or 21.6% of adjusted net sales in the prior year.

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow

As of October 3, 2026, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $182 million and total debt of $2,578 million.

For the first nine months of 2026, net cash provided by operating activities was $711 million and the Company invested $50 million in capital expenditures, resulting in free cash flow of $661 million. The Company also made share repurchases of $643 million.

Outlook

Mr. Burns added, "We remain confident in the growth drivers supporting our business, and our ability to capture the opportunity ahead. We are driving operating productivity as we scale to meet the strong demand we are seeing for our solutions. Together, these efforts support our increased full-year outlook and position us well for sustainable profitable growth as we continue to benefit from trends in automation and Physical AI."

The Company expects fourth quarter sales growth between 10% and 14% compared to the prior year. This expectation includes approximately 150 basis points favorable impact from foreign currency.

Adjusted EBITDA margin for the fourth quarter is expected to be approximately 22%. Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share are expected to be in the range of $5.00 to $5.40. This assumes an adjusted effective tax rate of approximately 19%.

Free Cash Flow for the full year is expected to be at least $1 billion.

The Company does not provide a reconciliation for non-GAAP estimates on a forward-looking basis where it is unable to provide a meaningful or accurate calculation or estimation of reconciling items and the information is not available without unreasonable effort. This is due to the inherent difficulty of forecasting the timing or amount of the most directly comparable forward-looking GAAP financial measure as discussed under the "Forward-Looking Statements" caption below. This would include items that have not yet occurred, are out of the Company’s control and/or cannot be reasonably predicted, and that would impact diluted net earnings per share. For the same reasons, the Company is unable to address the probable significance of the unavailable information. Forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures provided without the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures may vary materially from the corresponding GAAP financial measures.

Conference Call Notification

Investors are invited to listen to a live webcast of Zebra’s conference call regarding the Company’s financial results. The conference call will be held today at 7:30 a.m. Central Time (8:30 a.m. Eastern Time). To view the webcast, visit the investor relations section of the Company’s website at investors.zebra.com. The earnings presentation is available on the Company's website at the following link: Zebra's 3Q 2026 Earnings Presentation.

Who is Zebra Technologies?

Zebra (NASDAQ: ZBRA) provides the foundation for intelligent operations with an award-winning portfolio of connected frontline, asset visibility and automation solutions which empower our customers to deploy AI on the frontline. Organizations globally across retail, manufacturing, transportation, logistics, healthcare, and other industries rely on us to deliver outcomes today while driving innovation for what’s next. Together with our partners, we create new ways of working that improve productivity and empower organizations to be better every day. Learn more at www.zebra.com.

Follow Zebra on our Blog, LinkedIn, Facebook, X, Instagram and YouTube.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements, as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without limitation, the statements regarding the company’s outlook. Actual results may differ from those expressed or implied in the company’s forward-looking statements. These statements represent estimates only as of the date they were made. Zebra undertakes no obligation, other than as may be required by law, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason after the date of this release.

These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, forecasts and assumptions and are subject to the risks and uncertainties inherent in Zebra’s industry, market conditions, general domestic and international economic conditions, and other factors. These factors include customer acceptance of Zebra’s offerings and competitors' offerings, and the potential effects of emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. The effect of global market conditions, and the availability of credit and capital markets volatility may have adverse effects on Zebra, its suppliers and its customers. In addition, natural disasters, man-made disasters, public health issues (including pandemics), and cybersecurity incidents may have negative effects on Zebra's business and results of operations. Zebra's ability to purchase sufficient materials, parts, and components, and ability to provide services, software and products to meet customer demand could negatively impact Zebra's results of operations and customer relationships. Profits and profitability will be affected by Zebra’s ability to control manufacturing and operating costs. Because of its debt, interest rates and financial market conditions may also have an adverse impact on results. Foreign exchange rates, customs duties and trade policies may have an adverse effect on financial results because of the global nature of Zebra's business. The impacts of changes in foreign and domestic governmental policies, regulations, or laws, as well as the outcome of litigation or tax matters in which Zebra may be involved are other factors that could adversely affect Zebra's business and results of operations. The success of integrating acquisitions could also adversely affect profitability, reported results and the company’s competitive position in its industry. These and other factors could have an adverse effect on Zebra’s sales, gross profit margins and results of operations and increase the volatility of Zebra's financial results. When used in this release and documents referenced, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “outlook,” and “expect” and similar expressions, as they relate to the Company or its management, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying these statements. Descriptions of certain risks, uncertainties and other factors that could adversely affect the Company’s future operations and results can be found in Zebra’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Company’s most recent Form 10-K and Form 10-Q.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information

This press release contains certain Non-GAAP financial measures, consisting of “Adjusted EBITDA,” “Adjusted EBITDA margin,” “adjusted gross margin,” “adjusted gross profit,” “adjusted net sales,” “adjusted operating expenses,” “adjusted operating income,” “EBITDA,” “free cash flow,” “non-GAAP diluted earnings per share,” “non-GAAP earnings per share,” “non-GAAP net income,” “organic net sales,” and “organic net sales growth.” Management presents these measures to focus on the on-going operations and believes it is useful to investors because they enable them to perform meaningful comparisons of past and present operating results. The company believes it is useful to present non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude certain significant items, as a means to understand the performance of its ongoing operations and how management views the business. Please see the “Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures” tables and accompanying disclosures at the end of this press release for more detailed information regarding non-GAAP financial measures herein, including the items reflected in adjusted net earnings calculations. These measures, however, should not be construed as an alternative to any other measure of performance determined in accordance with GAAP.

The company does not provide a reconciliation for non-GAAP estimates on a forward-looking basis (including the information under “Outlook” above) where it is unable to provide a meaningful or accurate calculation or estimation of reconciling items and the information is not available without unreasonable effort. This is due to the inherent difficulty of forecasting the timing or amount of various items that have not yet occurred, are out of the company’s control and/or cannot be reasonably predicted, and that would impact diluted net earnings per share, the most directly comparable forward-looking GAAP financial measure. For the same reasons, the company is unable to address the probable significance of the unavailable information. Forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures provided without the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures may vary materially from the corresponding GAAP financial measures.

As a global company, Zebra's operating results reported in U.S. dollars are affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations because the underlying foreign currencies in which the company transacts change in value over time compared to the U.S. dollar; accordingly, the company presents certain organic growth financial information, which includes impacts of foreign currency translation, to provide a framework to assess how the company’s businesses performed excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Foreign currency impact represents the difference in results that are attributable to fluctuations in the currency exchange rates used to convert the results for businesses where the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. This impact is calculated by translating current period results at the currency exchange rates used in the comparable prior year period as well as removing realized cash flow hedge gains and losses from both the current and prior year periods. The company believes these measures should be considered a supplement to and not in lieu of the company’s performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

The Zebra wordmark and logo are trademarks of Zebra Technologies Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. ©2026 Zebra Technologies Corp. and/or its affiliates. You may quote this release with attribution.

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)
	October 3, 2026			December 31, 2025
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	182		$	125
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $1 million each as of October 3, 2026 and December 31, 2025		1,025			801
Inventories, net		851			729
Income tax receivable		76			31
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		141			110
Total Current assets		2,275			1,796
Property, plant and equipment, net		348			353
Right-of-use lease assets		180			166
Goodwill		4,698			4,727
Other intangibles, net		687			809
Deferred income taxes		393			414
Other long-term assets		239			237
Total Assets	$	8,820		$	8,502
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	2,077		$	141
Accounts payable		896			695
Accrued liabilities		553			558
Deferred revenue		438			446
Income taxes payable		47			12
Total Current liabilities		4,011			1,852
Long-term debt		494			2,361
Long-term lease liabilities		167			157
Deferred income taxes		27			32
Long-term deferred revenue		414			396
Other long-term liabilities		139			116
Total Liabilities		5,252			4,914
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares; none issued		—			—
Class A common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued 72,151,857 shares		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		926			814
Treasury stock at cost, 24,975,690 and 22,558,911 shares as of October 3, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively		(3,131	)		(2,488	)
Retained earnings		5,811			5,279
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(39	)		(18	)
Total Stockholders’ Equity		3,568			3,588
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	8,820		$	8,502

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except share data)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025			October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025
Net sales:
Tangible products	$	1,370		$	1,081		$	3,917		$	3,198
Services and software		244			239			749			723
Total Net sales		1,614			1,320			4,666			3,921
Cost of sales:
Tangible products		745			557			1,983			1,652
Services and software		131			129			378			374
Total Cost of sales		876			686			2,361			2,026
Gross profit		738			634			2,305			1,895
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing		183			159			556			478
Research and development		158			146			482			441
General and administrative		122			111			363			324
Amortization of intangible assets		37			25			111			74
Acquisition and integration costs		1			10			4			17
Exit and restructuring costs		—			—			16			—
Total Operating expenses		501			451			1,532			1,334
Operating income		237			183			773			561
Other (loss) income, net:
Foreign exchange (loss) gain		(3	)		1			(5	)		(15	)
Interest expense, net		(35	)		(23	)		(107	)		(71	)
Other expense, net		(1	)		(2	)		(11	)		(13	)
Total Other expense, net		(39	)		(24	)		(123	)		(99	)
Income before income tax		198			159			650			462
Income tax expense		34			58			118			113
Net income	$	164		$	101		$	532		$	349
Basic earnings per share	$	3.47		$	1.98		$	11.08		$	6.83
Diluted earnings per share	$	3.43		$	1.97		$	10.97		$	6.78

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
	Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	532		$	349
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		170			126
Losses on long-term investments		15			11
Share-based compensation		136			130
Deferred income taxes		6			61
Gain on sale of business		(5	)		—
Other, net		1			2
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		(229	)		57
Inventories, net		(125	)		30
Other assets		(21	)		16
Accounts payable		194			(115	)
Accrued liabilities		17			(49	)
Deferred revenue		9			16
Income taxes		8			(71	)
Other operating activities		3			(3	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		711			560
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of business		—			(62	)
Proceeds from the sale of business		9			—
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(50	)		(56	)
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments		1			1
Purchases of long-term investments		—			(4	)
Other investing activities		1			—
Net cash used in investing activities		(39	)		(121	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments of debt		(138	)		—
Proceeds from issuance of debt		205			—
Payments for repurchases of common stock		(643	)		(284	)
Net payments related to share-based compensation plans		(20	)		(15	)
Change in unremitted cash collections from servicing factored receivables		(21	)		9
Other financing activities		—			4
Net cash used in financing activities		(617	)		(286	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		2			(1	)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		57			152
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		125			901
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	182		$	1,053
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	$	118		$	124
Interest paid	$	99		$	79
Certain prior period amounts included in Net cash provided by operating activities have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF ORGANIC NET SALES GROWTH
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	October 3, 2026
	CF		AVA		Consolidated
Consolidated Reported GAAP Net sales growth	34.6	%	8.1	%	22.3	%
Adjustments:
Impact of foreign currency translations ^(1)	(2.4	)%	(1.3	)%	(2.1	)%
Impact of acquisitions and dispositions ^(2)	(17.2	)%	0.2	%	(8.9	)%
Consolidated Organic Net sales growth	15.0	%	7.0	%	11.3	%
	Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026
	CF		AVA		Consolidated
Reported GAAP Consolidated Net sales growth	27.1	%	9.6	%	19.0	%
Adjustments:
Impact of foreign currency translations ^(1)	(2.3	)%	(1.9	)%	(2.2	)%
Impact of acquisitions and dispositions ^(2)	(15.9	)%	—	%	(8.5	)%
Consolidated Organic Net sales growth	8.9	%	7.7	%	8.3	%

(1)

Operating results reported in U.S. Dollars are affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Foreign currency translation impact represents the difference in results that are attributable to fluctuations in the currency exchange rates used to convert the results for businesses where the functional currency is not the U.S. Dollar. This impact is calculated by translating the current period results at the currency exchange rates used in the comparable prior year period as well as removing realized cash flow hedge gains and losses from both the current and prior year periods.

(2)

For purposes of computing Organic Net sales growth, amounts attributable to business acquisitions or dispositions are excluded for twelve months following or preceding the respective acquisition or disposition, respectively.

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP GROSS MARGIN AND OPERATING INCOME
($ In millions)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	October 3, 2026									September 27, 2025
	CF			AVA			Consolidated			CF			AVA			Consolidated
GAAP
Reported Net sales	$	949		$	665		$	1,614		$	705		$	615		$	1,320
Reported Gross profit ^(1)		410			332			738			324			312			634
Gross Margin		43.2	%		49.9	%		45.7	%		46.0	%		50.7	%		48.0	%
Operating Income ^(2)		171			158			237			132			136			183
Non-GAAP
Adjusted Net sales	$	949		$	665		$	1,614		$	705		$	615		$	1,320
Adjusted Gross profit ^(1)		410			332			742			324			312			636
Adjusted Gross Margin		43.2	%		49.9	%		46.0	%		46.0	%		50.7	%		48.2	%
Adjusted Operating Income ^(2)		171			158			329			132			136			268
	Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026									September 27, 2025
	CF			AVA			Consolidated			CF			AVA			Consolidated
GAAP
Reported Net sales	$	2,677		$	1,989		$	4,666		$	2,106		$	1,815		$	3,921
Reported Gross profit ^(1)		1,277			1,048			2,305			996			908			1,895
Gross Margin		47.7	%		52.7	%		49.4	%		47.3	%		50.0	%		48.3	%
Operating Income ^(2)		559			509			773			414			378			561
Non-GAAP
Adjusted Net sales	$	2,677		$	1,989		$	4,666		$	2,106		$	1,815		$	3,921
Adjusted Gross profit ^(1)		1,277			1,048			2,325			996			908			1,904
Adjusted Gross Margin		47.7	%		52.7	%		49.8	%		47.3	%		50.0	%		48.6	%
Adjusted Operating Income ^(2)		559			509			1,068			414			378			792

(1)	Segment and Adjusted Gross profit excludes share-based compensation expense and business acquisition purchase accounting adjustments.
(2)	Segment and Non-GAAP Operating income excludes share-based compensation expense, business acquisition purchase accounting adjustments, amortization of intangible assets, acquisition and integration costs, exit and restructuring costs, as well as certain other non-recurring costs (impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets).

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP NET INCOME
($ In millions, except share data)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025			October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025
GAAP Net income	$	164		$	101		$	532		$	349
Adjustments to Cost of sales^(1)
Purchase accounting adjustments		—			—			5			—
Share-based compensation		4			2			15			9
Total adjustments to Cost of sales		4			2			20			9
Adjustments to Operating expenses^(1)
Amortization of intangible assets		37			25			111			74
Acquisition and integration costs		1			10			4			17
Share-based compensation		50			48			144			131
Exit and restructuring costs		—			—			16			—
Total adjustments to Operating expenses		88			83			275			222
Adjustments to Other expense, net^(1)
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discounts		1			1			3			2
Losses on long-term investments		—			1			15			11
Foreign exchange loss		3			(1	)		5			15
Gain on sale of business		—			—			(5	)		—
Other adjustments to Other expense, net		—			—			(3	)		—
Total adjustments to Other expense, net		4			1			15			28
Income tax effect of adjustments^(2)
Reported income tax expense		34			58			118			113
Adjusted income tax		(57	)		(47	)		(183	)		(129	)
Total adjustments to income tax		(23	)		11			(65	)		(16	)
Total adjustments		73			97			245			243
Non-GAAP Net income	$	237		$	198		$	777		$	592
GAAP earnings per share
Basic	$	3.47		$	1.98		$	11.08		$	6.83
Diluted	$	3.43		$	1.97		$	10.97		$	6.78
Non-GAAP earnings per share
Basic	$	5.01		$	3.90		$	16.18		$	11.59
Diluted	$	4.95		$	3.88		$	16.03		$	11.51
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		47,277,714			50,800,552			48,027,688			51,044,563
Diluted weighted average and equivalent shares outstanding		47,813,188			51,171,119			48,480,549			51,429,532

(1)	Presented on a pre-tax basis.
(2)	Represents adjustments to GAAP income tax expense commensurate with pre-tax non-GAAP adjustments (including the resulting impacts to U.S. BEAT/GILTI provisions), as well as adjustments to exclude the impacts of certain discrete income tax items and incorporate the anticipated annualized effects of current year tax planning.

ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
GAAP to NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION TO EBITDA
($ In millions)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025			October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025
GAAP Net income	$	164		$	101		$	532		$	349
Add back:
Depreciation (excluding exit and restructuring)		20			17			59			52
Amortization of intangible assets		37			25			111			74
Total Other expense, net		39			24			123			99
Income tax expense		34			58			118			113
EBITDA (Non-GAAP)		294			225			943			687
Adjustments to Cost of sales
Purchase accounting adjustments		—			—			5			—
Share-based compensation		4			2			15			9
Total adjustments to Cost of sales		4			2			20			9
Adjustments to Operating expenses
Acquisition and integration costs		1			10			4			17
Share-based compensation		50			48			144			131
Exit and restructuring costs		—			—			16			—
Total adjustments to Operating expenses		51			58			164			148
Total adjustments to EBITDA		55			60			184			157
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)	$	349		$	285		$	1,127		$	844
Adjusted EBITDA margin (Non-GAAP)		21.6	%		21.6	%		24.2	%		21.5	%

FREE CASH FLOW
	Nine Months Ended
	October 3, 2026			September 27, 2025
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	711		$	560
Less: Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(50	)		(56	)
Free cash flow (Non-GAAP)^(1)	$	661		$	504
(1) Free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure, is defined as Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities in a period minus purchases of property, plant and equipment (capital expenditures) made in that period.